ADVANTAGE
 (”In” or “Out”) - the first point won by a side, following deuce. When the serving side wins this point it is called advantage-in. If the non-serving side wins the point, it becomes “break point” and the advantage is out.

ALLEY
The lane between the singles and doubles sidelines; out-of-bounds in singles play.

ATP
Association of Tennis Professionals, the men’s professional circuit

BACKHAND
player turns so that the shoulder of the racket-bearing arm faces the net before bringing the racket forward and across the body to meet the ball.

BACKSPIN
undercutting the ball with the racket so that it bounces back toward the net and away from an opponent.

BAGEL
winning a set 6-0. A double bagel is winning 6-0, 6-0.

BALL BOY
a person, male or female, tasked with retrieving tennis balls from the court that have gone out of play

BASELINE
boundary on either end of the court representing the outer limits of the length of the court.

BASELINE PLAY
hitting long ground strokes from the baseline

BREAK POINT
when a non-serving player has the scoring advantage and is one point away from winning the game.

BREAKING SERVE
when the non-serving side wins the game.

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Background: Originally considered far too dangerous for female participation, field hockey became popular in the mid 1800’s with women whose previous introduction to sport included the “socially acceptable” outdoor activities of croquette and lawn tennis.

The Basics

Attack
the team possessing the ball as it advances toward the opposing goal.

Blade
flat part of the hockey stick used for hitting the ball. The blade face is always on the left side of the hockey stick.

Bully
neutral re-start to play following a stop in the action, much like a face-off in ice hockey.

Clearing
when the defense stops an offensive attack by passing or dribbling the ball away from its goal; usually done by the goalie.

Covering
defensive maneuver in which a player positions herself between an opposing player and the ball in an effort to intercept a pass or to tackle an opponent moving with the ball.

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Boarding
penalty given to a player for flagrantly knocking another player into the boards.

Boards
wooden and glass walls that surround the rink.

Body Check
using the hip or shoulder to impede the progress of a player or knock into a player.

Breakaway
one-on-one scoring opportunity between the puck carrier and the opposing goaltender.

Butterfly Save
goalie drops to her knees and points her toes out, creating a “V” shape with the goal pads to prevent the goal.

Changing on the Fly
substitution of players without stopping the play.

Charging
infraction in which a player deliberately checks another player after taking more than two strides.

Check
used to gain the puck from an opponent; sometimes indicates a player that is being covered closely in one on one defensive

Coast to Coast
player skates from their end to the opponents end without passing or losing the puck.

Crease
semicircle in front of the goal known as the goaltender’s privileged area. No players are allowed inside the goalie’s crease.

Crossover
skating technique is which one skate is placed in front of the skate on the opposite leg.

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Bail
to abandon a board; jump off

Barrel
space inside a breaking wave between the lip and face; a surfer may be completely hidden from view during a barrel ride. See tube.

Bashing
body surfing

Beach Break
waves breaking over a sand bottom

Break
when a wave passes from deep to shallow water the crest or top part of the wave tumbles or “breaks” down the face of the wave

Bodyboard
boogie board

Booger
a bodyboarder

Bump
a swell created by the wind

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• Volleyball is played by two teams of six players on a court divided by a net.
• The object of the game is to send the ball over the net so that the opposing team cannot return the ball or prevent it from hitting the ground in their court.
• Each team has three hits to attempt to return the ball.
• The ball is put in play by a serve that is hit by the server over the net to the opponent.
• When the receiving team wins a volley, it gains the right to serve, and the players rotate one position clockwise.
• When the serving team wins a volley, it wins a point and the right to continue serving.
• The ball must clear the net on a serve.
• A game is played to 21 points or some other agreed upon number. The team that wins the best two out of three games wins the match.
• Common positions include hitter, setter, libero (defender)

Equipment: Volleyball, sneakers (indoors), knee pads (optional)

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ASSAULT
friendly combat between two fencers

ATTACK
initial offensive action made by extending the sword arm and threatening the the opponent

BALESTRA
a forward hop or jump

BOUT
an assault at which the score is kept

BROADSWORD
any sword intended for cutting instead of thrusting; sabre

BUTTON
the safety tip on the end of practice and sporting swords

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Blocking - Offensive players use their bodies and arms as a means to impede defenders from making tackles, moving them away from the path of the ball carrier.

Bomb - A very long forward pass.

Buttonhook - Pass pattern in which the receiver runs straight ahead several yards, then quickly turns around to catch the pass.

Dead Ball - Declared by an official at the end of each down after a player has been tackled and the ball is no longer in play.

Down - The offensive sequence of plays starting from the line of scrimmage that begins with the center’s snap and ends when the ball is dead; One of a series of plays in which the offensive team must advance at least 10 yards or lose possession.

Drive - Describes a series of downs in the offensive team’s advance toward the goal.

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Rules of the Game:

The sport of Archery is first listed in Homer’s “The Iliad and the Odyssey.” It has been traced to all parts of the world in many different time periods and may well be the longest use of a weapon in the history of man.

Equipment: So first you need a bow and arrow.  The two kinds of bows are the Olympic, or Recurve Bow and the Compound Bow. Mastery of the Olympic bow results in better muscle tone and overall archery habits; once that is accomplished the Compound bow represents a leap forward in accuracy and force.

Scoring: Once you have your equipment you’re ready to toss a few arrows into targets. The target has ten concentric circles and the score of each arrow depends upon where it lands on the target. The highest score, a ten, is achieved by shooting an arrow into the center, or bullseye. Scores go down from nine for the next circle out to one for the outermost circle. Missing the target results in a score of zero for that arrow.

Archers develop techniques to fully control their body movement, their endurance and their mental steadiness, when preparing to meet the challenge of match days.